The Basics of MRI

Joseph P. Hornak

CONTENTS

• Preface and Help
• About the author

1. Introduction
   • NMRI or MRI ?
   • Opportunities in MRI
   • Tomographic Imaging
   • Microscopic property responsible for MRI
   • Units Review
    
2. The Mathematics of NMR
   • Exponential Functions
   • Trigonometric Functions
   • Differentials and Integrals
   • Vectors
   • Matrices
   • Rotation Matrices
   • Coordinate Transformations
   • Convolutions
   • Imaginary Numbers
   • The Fourier Transform
    
3. Spin Physics
   • Spin
   • Properties of Spin
   • Nuclei with Spin
   • Energy Levels
   • NMR Transitions
   • Energy Level Diagrams
   • Continuous Wave NMR Experiment
   • Boltzmann Statistics
   • Spin Packets
   • T1 Processes
   • Precession
   • T2 Processes
   • Rotating Frame of Reference
   • Pulsed Magnetic Fields
   • Spin Relaxation
   • Bloch Equations
    
4. NMR Spectroscopy
   • Time Domain NMR Signal
   • +/- Frequency Convention
   • 90- FID
   • Spin-Echo
   • Inversion Recovery
   • Chemical Shift
    
5. Fourier Transforms
   • Introduction
   • The + and - Frequency Problem
   • The Fourier Transform
   • Phase Correction
   • Fourier Pairs
   • The Convolution Theorem
   • The Digital FT
   • Sampling Error
   • The Two-Dimensional FT
    
6. Imaging Principles
   • Introduction
   • Magnetic Field Gradient
   • Frequency Encoding
   • Back Projection Imaging
   • Slice Selection
    
7. Fourier Transform Imaging Principles
   • Introduction
   • Phase Encoding Gradient
   • FT Tomographic Imaging
   • Signal Processing
   • Image Resolution
    
8. Basic Imaging Techniques
   • Introduction
   • Gradient-Echo Imaging
   • Multislice imaging
   • Volume Imaging (3D Imaging)
   • Oblique Imaging
   • Spin-Echo Imaging
   • Inversion Recovery Imaging
   • Chemical Contrast Agents
   • Fat Suppression
    
9. Imaging Hardware
   • Hardware Overview
   • Magnet
   • Gradient Coils
   • RF Coils
   • RF Detector
   • Safety
   • Phantoms
    
10. Image Presentation
    • Image Contrast
    • Image Histogram
    • Image Processing
    • Imaging Coordinates
    • Imaging Planes
    • Signal Averaging
     
11. Image Artifacts
    • Introduction
    • DC Offset and Quadrature Ghost
    • RF Noise
    • Bo Inhomogeneity
    • Gradient
    • Susceptibility
    • RF Inhomogeneity
    • Motion
    • Flow
    • Chemical Shift
    • Partial Volume
    • Wrap Around
    • Gibbs Ringing
    • Magic Angle
     
12. Fast Imaging Techniques
    • Introduction
    • Gradient Echo Imaging
    • Fractional Nex and Echo Imaging
    • Fast Spin-Echo Imaging
    • Echo-Planar Imaging
    • Parallel Imaging
    • Propeller Imaging
     
13. Advanced Imaging Techniques
    • Introduction
    • Flow Imaging (MRI Angiography)
    • Diffusion Imaging
    • Functional MRI
    • Spatially Localized Spectroscopy
    • Magnetization Transfer Contrast
    • Variable Bandwidth Imaging
    • T₁, T₂, & Spin Density Images
    • Tissue Classification
    • Hyperpolarized Noble Gas Imaging
    • Magnetic Resonance Elastography
    • Electron Spin Resonance
     
14. Your MRI Exam
    • Introduction
    • Screening
    • The Imager
    • The Exam
    • Your Results
     
15. Clinical Images
    • Angiography
    • Head & Neck
    • Spine
    • Extremities
     

• Glossary
• List of Symbols
• Usage Statistics

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Copyright © 1996-2025 J.P. Hornak.
All Rights Reserved.