From: Subject: Scientists find 'pinwheels' in Quintuplet cluster Date: Thu, 17 Aug 2006 14:15:54 -0400 MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: multipart/related; type="text/html"; boundary="----=_NextPart_000_0025_01C6C207.A6876AD0" X-MimeOLE: Produced By Microsoft MimeOLE V6.00.2900.2962 This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ------=_NextPart_000_0025_01C6C207.A6876AD0 Content-Type: text/html; charset="iso-8859-1" Content-Transfer-Encoding: quoted-printable Content-Location: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2006-08/uom-sf081506.php Scientists find 'pinwheels' in Quintuplet = cluster

Public = release date:=20 17-Aug-2006
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Contact: Laura Bailey
baileylm@umich.edu
734-647-1848=
University of = Michigan

Scientists find 'pinwheels' in Quintuplet cluster

ANN ARBOR, Mich.--Discovery of pinwheel-shaped dust spirals around = two of the=20 mysterious cocoon stars in the Quintuplet cluster tells scientists for = the first=20 time that they contain a duo of stars instead of just one.

The spiral shape is a telltale sign of a binary system, which means = that it=20 is two lighter-weight stars in orbit around each other, rather than one. = Although lighter, these stars are still classified as massive, and will = each=20 still become a supernovae and provide giant energy pulses in this = cluster=20 located near the center of our Milky Way galaxy.

The finding put to rest the debate among astronomers over these=20 dust-enshrouded stars, said John Monnier, assistant professor of = astronomy at=20 the University of Michigan. It also proves that massive stars in this = cluster=20 are smaller than previously thought, and it follows that dust cocoons = seen=20 elsewhere in the galaxy are likely also harboring two stars instead of = one.

The findings will appear Aug. 18 in the journal Science, in the paper = "=20 'Pinwheels' in the Quintuplet Cluster." Monnier co-authored the paper = with lead=20 author Peter Tuthill, a research astrophysicist in the department of = physics at=20 the University of Sydney.

Scientists have debated the nature of the Quintuplet cluster stars = for years.=20 The cluster was named after its prominent five bright red stars. = However, up=20 until now, the stars have been tough to view because they are quite = distant and=20 each hidden in a shroud of dust. Astronomers used the world's biggest = optical=20 telescope, the Keck in Hawaii, to zoom in on the stars, according to = Tuthill.=20

The magnification achieved was five times greater than the best = existing=20 images of the cluster. Although still unable to see through the dust = completely,=20 the enhanced resolution allowed researchers to see that the dust formed = spiral=20 pinwheels, the same type of dust seen in a type of massive star called a = Wolf-Rayet star.

Monnier and Tuthill first identified the characteristic dust = pinwheels around=20 this type of Wolf-Rayet star in 1999. Wolf-Rayet stars are thought to be = immediate precursors to supernova, the explosion at the end of a massive = star's=20 life. Supernovae are rare events, but can be identified across the = universe=20 because they produce extremely bright objects made of hot plasma that = can be a=20 millions of times brighter than the star that exploded.

The spiral dust that was observed in the Quintuplet stars is caused = by=20 colliding stellar winds from two stars near one another, Monnier said. = The=20 aftermath of the violent wind collision produces a stream of dust, and = this dust=20 stream shows researchers they are actually observing two or more stars, = and=20 allow a much better estimate of their actual masses.

Counting and weighing these massive stars correctly are crucial to=20 understanding the history of our galaxy, since the final supernova = explosions=20 have a dominant effect on their surroundings, including producing and = spreading=20 out much of the heavier elements needed for forming planets around = lower-mass=20 stars like the Sun.

###

Other collaborators included Dr. Angelle Tanner from Jet Propulsion = Lab at=20 Caltech, professor Donald Figer from Center for Imaging Science at = Rochester=20 Institute of Technology, Andrea Ghez, UCLA professor of Physics and = Astronomy,=20 and William Danchi from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.

For more information on Monnier, visit: http://www.astro.lsa.um= ich.edu/~monnier/

For more information on the U-M Department of Astronomy, see: http://www.astro.lsa.umich.edu/<= /A>

EMBARGOED FOR RELEASE AT 2 P.M. EDT THURSDAY, AUG. 17, 2006

EDITORS: Image available at: http://www.umich.edu/news/index.html?Releases/2006/Aug06/quint</<= /P>

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