All images produced by the Rochester Institute of Technology, Equipoise Imaging and Boeing LTS.  
XRF images also produced with the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC).

Copyright: the Owner of the Archimedes Palimpsest

20 August 2008
stitched PCA files of 008-011 
011r-008v_pca_stitched_gray.jpg (11 MBytes)

20 August 2008
stitched PCA files of Aristotle leaves
080r-073v_Alex06r_gray.jpg  (11 MBytes)

080v-073r_Alex06v_pseudocolor.jpg (15.7 MBytes)
    080v-073r_Alex06v_gray.jpg (10.7 MBytes)

120r-121v_Alex02r_pseudocolor.jpg  (25.3 MBytes)
    120r-121v_Alex02r_gray.jpg  (12.5 MBytes)

July 2008
stitched PCA files of 024-025
024v-025r_stitched PCA.jpg  12.0 MBytes   (attempt to enhance underwriting)
024v-025r_raw 870nm.jpg     2.9 MBytes (unprocessed, for comparison)

024r-025v_stitched PCA.jpg  11.1 MBytes   (attempt to enhance underwriting)
024r-025v_raw 870nm.jpg     2.2 MBytes (unprocessed, for comparison)

2 July 2008
Registered XRF Files for 064r
064R-ch01_(Fe Front) registered.jpg
064R-ch02_(Fe Back) registered.jpg
064R-ch03_(Ca Front) registered.jpg

LED365-blue_reference.jpg

20 June 2008
Registered and Balanced XRF Files (JPEG)
001R-ch01_(Fe Front) registered.jpg
001R-ch04_(Fe Back) registered.jpg
001V-ch01_(Fe Front) registered.jpg
001V-ch04_(Fe Back) registered.jpg
057R-ch01_(Fe Front) registered.jpg
057R-ch04_(Fe Back) registered.jpg
057V-ch01_(Fe Front) registered.jpg
057V-ch04_(Fe Back) registered.jpg
081V-ch01_(Fe Front) registered.jpg
081V-ch04_(Fe Back) registered.jpg

15 May 2008
Chicago Negative 057v TIFF Files
Chicago_057v/57v_058_8bit_positive.tif  (38 MBytes)

14 May 2008
Registered Heiberg UV Images
0000-172v_Arch69r_Heiberg_ultraviolet_stitch_beta.tif
113v-114r_Arch60v_Heiberg_ultraviolet_stitch_beta.tif
165r-0000_Arch29v-30r_Heiberg_ultraviolet_stitch_beta.tif

1 May 2008
XRF of stub of 081-088
Iron Channel (2.6 MBytes)


15 April 2008
Compression Tests of 177r-172v_Arch69r
Uncompressed TIFF File (260 MBytes)

TIFF Subsampled to 50% each direction, nearest neighbor interpolation (65 MBytes)
TIFF Subsampled to 50% each direction, bicubic interpolation (65 MBytes)

TIFF Subsampled to 25% each direction, bicubic interpolation (16 MBytes)
TIFF Subsampled to 25% each direction, nearest neighbor interpolation (16 MBytes)

JPEG Compressed Level 5 - medium (8 MBytes)
JPEG Compressed Level 8 - high (16 MBytes)
JPEG Compressed Level 12 - high (84 MBytes)

JPEG2000 Lossless Compression (86 MBytes)
JPEG2000 Compression to 65 MBytes (65 MBytes)
JPEG2000 Compression to 16 MBytes (16 MBytes)


20 February 2008
Test registration of Heiberg to 028r-021v
028r-021v Ultraviolet LED Image
028r-021v Heiberg UV Blue channel image

13 January 2008
Test registration of Heiberg to 17r-16v
Photoshop format
"Reference" JPEG Image (blue_UV_of 17r-16v)
"Warped" JPEG Heiberg image (blue_channel_UV_illumination of Heiberg)


6 January 2008
"Chicago" Leaf 057v
Original Images (4.4 MBytes each)   Positive (black text)      Negative (white text)
Normalized (6.6 Mbytes each):	      Positive (black text)      Negative (white text)

18 November 2007
PoC
082v-087r Stitched Pseudocolor	(3.8 MBytes)    	082v-087r Stitched "Sharpie" (3.6 MBytes)
017r-016v Stitched Pseudocolor (6.3 MBytes)		017r-016v Stitched "Sharpie" (5.0 MBytes)
017v-016r Stitched Pseudocolor (6.4 MBytes)		017v-016r Stitched "Sharpie" (5.1 MBytes)



2 November 2007
Images linked from Archimedes Wiki

Alexander of Aphrodisias
  1.	143r-146v flesh		pseudocolor		Sharpie
  2.	143v-146r hair		pseudocolor		Sharpie
  3.	120r-121v hair		pseudocolor		Sharpie
  4.	120v-121r flesh		pseudocolor		Sharpie
  5.	 079r-074v flesh	pseudocolor		Sharpie
  6.	 079v-074r hair		pseudocolor		Sharpie
  7.	 078r-075v hair		pseudocolor		Sharpie
  8.	 078v-075r flesh	pseudocolor		Sharpie
  9.	 077r-076v flesh	pseudocolor		Sharpie
10.	077v-076r hair		pseudocolor		Sharpie
11.	080r-073v hair		pseudocolor		Sharpie
12.	080v-073r flesh		pseudocolor		Sharpie
13.	119r-122v flesh		pseudocolor		Sharpie
14.	119v-122r hair		pseudocolor		Sharpie

Menaion
  1.	015r-018v flesh		pseudocolor		Sharpie
  2.	015v-018r hair		pseudocolor		Sharpie
  3.	020r-013v hair		pseudocolor		Sharpie
  4.	020v-013r flesh		pseudocolor		Sharpie


2 October 2007
Infrared Images (870nm) of "unknown" leaves in "raw" appearance (lighter text on darker parchment)

023r-026v_UnkA01_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg
023v-026r_UnkA01_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg

024r-025v_UnkA02_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg
024v-025r_UnkA02_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg

151r-152v_UnkA03_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg
151v-152r_UnkA03_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg

012r-007v_UnkB01_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg
012v-007r_UnkB01_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg

011r-008v_UnkB02_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg
011v-008r_UnkB02_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg

010r-009v_UnkB03_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg
010v-009r_UnkB03_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg

Leaves identified as St. Pantoleon, for comparison
051r-054v_Pant01_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg
051v-054r_Pant01_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg

053r-052v_Pant02_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg
053v-052r_Pant02_Sinar_LED870_01_raw.jpg


14 September 2007
Pseudocolor Images of Hyperides Leaves for Budapest Meeting
JPEG files (~ 13 MBytes each)
137r-136v_Hype01r_Sinar_LED445-735_pseudo.jpg 	sharpie
137v-136r_Hype01v_Sinar_LED445-735_pseudo.jpg  sharpie
145r-144v_Hype02r_Sinar_LED445-735_pseudo.jpg 	sharpie
145v-144r_Hype02v_Sinar_LED445-735_pseudo.jpg  sharpie
176r-173v_Hype03r_Sinar_LED445-735_pseudo.jpg   sharpie
176v-173r_Hype03v_Sinar_LED445-735_pseudo.jpg   sharpie
175r-174v_Hype04r_Sinar_LED445-735_pseudo.jpg   sharpie
175v-174r_Hype04v_Sinar_LED445-735_pseudo.jpg  sharpie
138r-135v_Hype05r_Sinar_LED445-735_pseudo.jpg   sharpie
138v-135r_Hype05v_Sinar_LED445-735_pseudo.jpg   sharpie

PDF of all Hyperides leaves (~ 58 Mbytes)
Hyperides_leaves.pdf
	Two-sided PDF files of individual Hyperides leaves(~ 11 MBytes)
	137-136.pdf
	145-144.pdf
	176-173.pdf
	175-174.pdf
	138-135.pdf

Experimental Imaging
Magnified region of 138v-135r
	138v-135r_Hype05v_LED445-735_experimental_pseudocolor.jpg
	138v-135r_Hype05v_LED445-735_experimental_sharpie.jpg
Raking incidence illumination 
	138v-135r_Hype05v_Raking IR showing etched characters.jpg
	138v-135r_Hype05v_Raking IR processed to show characters in gray.jpg

Magnified region of 145r-144v
	145r-144v_Hype02r_exp_445-735_pseudo.jpg	145r-144v_Hype02r_exp_365-735_pseudo.jpg
	145r-144v_Hype02r_exp_445-735_sharpie.jpg	 145r-144v_Hype02r_exp_365-735_sharpie.jpg

Magnified region of 145v-144r
	145v-144r_Hype02v_exp_445-735_pseudo.jpg	145v-144r_Hype02v_exp_365-735_pseudo.jpg
	145v-144r_Hype02v_exp_445-735_sharpie.jpg	 145v-144r_Hype02v_exp_365-735_sharpie.jpg

17 August 2007
WAM Documentary Photos of Quires
Quire III
007r-012v	007v-012r
008r-011v	008v-011r
009r-010v	009v-011r

Quire XV
089r-096v	089v-096r
090r-095v	090v-095r
091r-094v	091v-094r
092r-093v	092v-093r

30 March 2007
Archimedes Timeline, by Michael Hansen
Low Resolution (6.5 MBytes)
High Resolution (69.3 MBytes)

1 March 2007
Comparison of Large-Format and Stitched Pseudocolor Images
076v-077r: stitched image of full bifolium approximately registered to large-format pseudocolor using ENVI and saved as compressed JPEGs
Images may be overlaid using Adobe Photoshop or similar software for comparison
This result appears to confirm the idea that the large-format camera with digital back produces useful images.
076v-077r Large Format
076v-077r Stitched (registered to Large Format)

20 February 2007 - Sections of 076 - 077, pseudocolors and sharpies
076v-077r  Pseudocolor Sections (0-4 first column, 5-9 second column)
0 pseudocolor	5 pseudocolor
1 pseudocolor	6 pseudocolor
2 pseudocolor	7 pseudocolor
3 pseudocolor	8 pseudocolor
4 pseudocolor	9 pseudocolor

076v-077 Sharpie Sections 
0 sharpie	5 sharpie
1 sharpie	6 sharpie
2 sharpie	7 sharpie
3 sharpie	8 sharpie
4 sharpie	9 sharpie

077v-076r  Pseudocolor Sections (0-4 first column, 5-9 second column)
0 pseudocolor	5 pseudocolor
1 pseudocolor	6 pseudocolor
2 pseudocolor	7 pseudocolor
3 pseudocolor	8 pseudocolor
4 pseudocolor	9 pseudocolor

077v-076r  Sharpie Sections 
0 sharpie	5 sharpie
1 sharpie	6 sharpie
2 sharpie	7 sharpie
3 sharpie	8 sharpie
4 sharpie	9 sharpie

19 February 2007 - Sections of 075 - 078, pseudocolors and sharpies
075v-078r  Pseudocolor Sections (0-4 first column, 5-9 second column)
0 pseudocolor	5 pseudocolor
1 pseudocolor	6 pseudocolor
2 pseudocolor	7 pseudocolor
3 pseudocolor	8 pseudocolor
4 pseudocolor	9 pseudocolor

075v-078r Sharpie Sections 
0 sharpie	5 sharpie
1 sharpie	6 sharpie
2 sharpie	7 sharpie
3 sharpie	8 sharpie
4 sharpie	9 sharpie

078v-075r  Pseudocolor Sections (0-4 first column, 5-9 second column)
0 pseudocolor	5 pseudocolor
1 pseudocolor	6 pseudocolor
2 pseudocolor	7 pseudocolor
3 pseudocolor	8 pseudocolor
4 pseudocolor	9 pseudocolor

078v-075r  Sharpie Sections 
0 sharpie	5 sharpie
1 sharpie	6 sharpie
2 sharpie	7 sharpie
3 sharpie	8 sharpie
4 sharpie	9 sharpie

119v-122r  122v-119r
120v-121r  121v-120r

Pseudocolor X-Ray Fluroescence image of 057v (iron channels)

073v-080r  080v-073r
074v-079r  079v-074r
075v-078r  078v-075r
076v-077r  077v-076r
119v-122r  122v-119r
120v-121r  121v-120r
143v-146r  146v-143r

8 December 2006 - Image for Will Noel
	016v-017r-Sharpie (3.2 MBytes)
	016v-017r-Strobe (visible light) (2.7 MBytes)	

4 December 2006 - Processed XRF Images of 081r (overpainted with forgery)
These (provisional) XRF images are of a small section of f.081r; they were processed to try to extract individual layers of text. 
	Visible Pseudocolor image of section of f.081r	(for comparison)
	Visible Pseudocolor image of section of f.081v 	(for comparison)
	Euchologion text under paint on f.081r	(using "Mixture-tuned Matched Filtering")
	Euchologion and Archimedes text under paint on f.081r	(using "Mixture-tuned Matched Filtering")
	Euchologion and Archimedes text from f.081verso (unpainted) side	 (using "Mixture-tuned Matched Filtering")
	Euchologion text alone from f.081verso (unpainted) side	(using "Linear Unmixing")

1 December 2006 - Images from WAM, November 2006 

f.174v-175r (Hyperides)
These (provisional) images were made using raking-incidence illumination at the Walters Art Museum during November 2006. 
The images were collected using visible light (not the infrared used for f.172v next) at high resolution (approximately 1700 pixels per inch).
These are compressed monochromatic JPEG files for raking incidence from the left, from the right, and from both sides. 
( Images that have been subsampled by half in both dimensions are also included).
Note the sizes of the image files!
    175r raking from right (large -- 9.7 MBytes)    175r raking from right (subsampled -- 3.2 MBytes)	
    175r raking from left (large -- 9.3 MBytes)      175r raking from left (subsampled -- 3.3 MBytes)	
    175r raking from both (large -- 10.6 MBytes)   175r raking from both (subsampled -- 3.6 MBytes)	

    174v raking from right (large -- 9.9 MBytes)    174v raking from right (subsampled -- 3.2 MBytes)	
    174v raking from left (large -- 9.8 MBytes)      174v raking from left (subsampled -- 3.2 MBytes)	
    174v raking from both (large -- 11.5 MBytes)  174v raking from both (subsampled -- 3.7 MBytes)	

Stomachion, f.172v
The infrared image was taken using low raking illumination (angle to manuscript < 30°) and has been considerably "downsampled" from
its original resolution of 1700+ pixels per inch so that it approximately matches the pseudocolor image. 
The two images are approximately registered; users can open both images in Adobe Photoshop and switch between them.
    172v Pseudocolor (from January 2003)
    172v (provisional) infrared image	

7 August 2006

Stitched Images of 064v
    XRF 064v Iron Front detector
    XRF 064v Iron Back detector
    XRF 064v Calcium front detector
   
Reversed to appear from side 064r
    XRF 064r Iron Front detector
    XRF 064r Iron Back detector
    XRF 064r Calcium front detector

6 August 2006, XRF Imaging at SLAC

Measurements of "Low-Z" Elements
	159v-158r Method (only one small section)
	XRF 159v-158r Ch1 Sulfur 
	XRF 159v-158r Ch4 Chlorine
	XRF 159v-158r Ch6 Phosphorus 
	XRF 159v-158r Ch8 Silicon 

	120v-121r Commentary on Aristotle (only one small section)
	XRF 120v-121r Ch1 Sulfur 
	XRF 120v-121r Ch4 Chlorine
	XRF 120v-121r Ch6 Phosphorus 
	XRF 120v-121r Ch8 Silicon 

	144v-145r Hyperides (only one small section)
	XRF 144v-145r Ch1 Sulfur 
	XRF 144v-145r Ch4 Chlorine
	XRF 144v-145r Ch6 Phosphorus 
	XRF 144v-145r Ch8 Silicon 

064v forgery 
XRF 064v Iron Front detector
XRF 064v Iron Back detector
XRF 064v Calcium front detector

021r forgery 
XRF 021r Iron Front detector
XRF 021r Iron Back detector
XRF 021r Calcium front detector
XRF 021r Calcium back detector
XRF 021r Barium back detector

120r Aristotle Commentary (1 scan near top of page)
XRF 120r Iron Front detector
XRF 120r Iron Back detector
XRF 120r Calcium front detector
XRF 120r Calcium back detector
XRF 120r Copper front detector
XRF 120r Copper back detector
XRF 120r Potassium back detector


120v Aristotle Commentary (scans above reversed) 
XRF 120v Iron Front detector 
XRF 120v Iron Back detector (reversed)
XRF 120v Calcium front detector (reversed)
XRF 120v Calcium back detector (reversed)
XRF 120v Copper front detector (reversed)
XRF 120v Copper back detector (reversed)
XRF 120v Potassium back detector (reversed)


105v-110r (all scans included)

 XRF 105v-110r Iron Front detector
XRF 100v-110r Iron Front detector (reversed)

 XRF 105v-110r Iron Back detector
 XRF 105v-110r Iron Back detector (reversed)

XRF 105v-110r Calcium front detector
XRF 105v-110r Calcium detector (reversed)

5 August 2006, XRF Imaging at SLAC

105v-110r (four scans included)

   Blue-Yellow XRF Pseudocolor
    Blue-Yellow XRF Pseudocolor (reversed, as from side 110v-105r)

    Yellow-Blue XRF Pseudocolor
   Yellow-Blue XRF Pseudocolor (reversed, as from side 110v-105r)

110v-105r (all scans included)

   Blue-Yellow XRF Pseudocolor
    Blue-Yellow XRF Pseudocolor (reversed, as from side 105v-110r)

    Yellow-Blue XRF Pseudocolor
    Yellow-Blue XRF Pseudocolor (reversed, as from side 105v-110r)

    Optical Pseudocolor 110v-105r (for comparison)
    Optical Pseudocolor 105v-110r (for comparison)

    XRF 110v-105r Iron Front detector
 XRF 110v-105r Iron Front detector (reversed)

   XRF 110v-105r Iron Back detector
   XRF 110v-105r Iron Back detector (reversed)

  XRF 110v-105r Calcium front detector
  XRF 110v-105r Calcium detector (reversed)

2 August 2006, XRF Imaging at SLAC

XRF Stereo Image Test 
  XRF Stereo Image of 057v Iron

Keith Knox document showing XRF of Diagram on 159v-158r
	original Powerpoint document (1.3 MBytes)
	Adobe Acrobat pdf format (MUCH smaller -- 0.5 MBytes)
	

1 August 2006, XRF Imaging at SLAC

XRF  Image Test: Which of these four do you prefer?
  A057r
  B057r
  C057r 
  D057r

Keith Knox document explaining XRF Pseudocolor
	original Powerpoint document (14.5 MBytes)
	Adobe Acrobat pdf format (MUCH smaller -- 0.9 MBytes)
	

f. 081v XRFs REVERSED to match text on 081r
04